Visual summary only. The research findings, limitations and references accompany the card on this page.
The chemical drawing shows source-verified two-dimensional connectivity and stereochemistry, not an experimental three-dimensional conformation. The biological setting is an illustration. Original study diagrams summarize cited research without reproducing publication artwork or inventing quantitative results.
Kisspeptin-10
KISS1R → GnRH axis
Human kisspeptin C-terminal decapeptide; free N-terminus, C-terminal phenylalaninamide- Molecular formula
- C63H83N17O14
- Molecular weight
- 1302.4 g/mol
- Class
- Amidated decapeptide
- Identity
- H-Tyr-Asn-Trp-Asn-Ser-Phe-Gly-Leu-Arg-Phe-NH2
Research snapshot
Kisspeptin-10 is the bioactive C-terminal fragment shared by longer kisspeptins. Small human studies show gonadotropin responses and altered LH pulse timing, but these are physiological endpoints, not established fertility or wellness outcomes.
Small human physiology studies
Identity & representation
Reference parent, not an AXON formulation or salt.
Educational reference only. Not a dosing guide, treatment recommendation or product endorsement.
Human kisspeptin C-terminal decapeptide · free N-terminus · Phe amide[1]
View the chemical structure →Sources checked: 2026-11-06. Identity and evidence limits are stated above. Independent specialist review is pending.
What researchers study
Kisspeptin-10 is the bioactive C-terminal fragment shared by longer kisspeptins. Small human studies show gonadotropin responses and altered LH pulse timing, but these are physiological endpoints, not established fertility or wellness outcomes.
GnRH pulse-generator physiology
LH secretion in human experiments
Reproductive-axis responses in selected endocrine conditions
Mechanism in context
- Kisspeptin-10 activates KISS1R signaling
- GnRH secretion is stimulated
- Pituitary LH / FSH responses follow
Human GnRH effects are often inferred from peripheral LH measurements. Results from kisspeptin-54 or modified agonists must not be transferred without labeling the different compound.
Simplified publication-grounded schematic, not a solved protein structure or proof of clinical benefit.
Selected evidence
Small human physiology studies
Kisspeptin resets the hypothalamic GnRH clock in men.[2]
Acute human physiology experiment · 13 healthy adult men · Single experimental exposure with serial sampling
Observed: Kisspeptin10 elicited an LH pulse and shifted subsequent pulse timing.
Kisspeptin10 elicited an LH pulse and shifted subsequent pulse timing. GnRH timing inferred from LH; no fertility or long-term therapeutic outcome.
Limit: GnRH timing inferred from LH; no fertility or long-term therapeutic outcome.
Exploring the pathophysiology of hypogonadism in men with type 2 diabetes: kisspeptin-10 stimulates serum testosterone and LH secretion in men with type 2 diabetes and mild biochemical hypogonadism.[4]
Small human proof-of-concept physiology study · 5 men with T2DM and 7 healthy comparators; infusion subgroup 4 · Acute experimental sessions
Observed: LH responses and testosterone increases were observed in selected men.
LH responses and testosterone increases were observed in selected men. Very small surrogate-endpoint study, not an established hypogonadism treatment trial.
Limit: Very small surrogate-endpoint study, not an established hypogonadism treatment trial.
Reference identity in detail
Sequences and form distinctions describe the cited reference substance, not a verified supplier preparation.
Research scope
Targeted source verification, not a systematic review. Citation quality and molecule-specific applicability are stated separately.
Safety & evidence limits
Human studies are small and mainly measure short-term hormonal surrogates.
Longer kisspeptins and experimental analogs differ in pharmacokinetics and cannot substitute for kisspeptin-10 evidence.
Effects vary by physiological context; long-term reproductive efficacy and safety remain unestablished here.
Practical identity notes
- Human kisspeptin C-terminal decapeptide; free N-terminus, C-terminal phenylalaninamide
- No original PubChem 3D conformer was available for this exact reference in the checked endpoint; use exact 2D structure.
- Reference identity is not confirmation of product contents, purity, sterility or therapeutic equivalence.
The 10-second takeaway
A reproductive-signaling fragment with human hormonal-response evidence, not established general fertility or testosterone therapy.
What the visual panels show
Original diagrams summarize the cited research or documented evidence search. They are not copied publication figures or claims of treatment benefit.
MECHANISM / STUDY CONTEXT[3]
Publication-grounded mechanism schematic · Original publication-grounded diagram
KISS1R signaling activated · GnRH secretion stimulated · Pituitary LH / FSH responses measured
Interpretation: Human GnRH effects are often inferred from peripheral LH measurements. Results from kisspeptin-54 or modified agonists must not be transferred without labeling the different compound.
Reproductive-axis signals[3]
HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY · Original publication-grounded diagram
Hormonal responses follow kisspeptin signaling
Human GnRH timing is often inferred from peripheral LH.
Interpretation: Human GnRH timing is often inferred from peripheral LH. Original conceptual illustration only; no fabricated data, docking geometry or clinical extrapolation.
LH pulse timing[2]
HUMAN EXPERIMENT · Original publication-grounded diagram
LH pulse elicited; later pulse timing shifted
13 healthy men; acute experiment, not a fertility trial.
Interpretation: 13 healthy men; acute experiment, not a fertility trial. Original conceptual illustration only; no fabricated data, docking geometry or clinical extrapolation.
Hormones are surrogate endpoints[4]
SMALL PHYSIOLOGY STUDY · Original publication-grounded diagram
LH and testosterone responses observed
5 men with T2DM; 7 controls; long-term clinical benefit unestablished.
Interpretation: 5 men with T2DM; 7 controls; long-term clinical benefit unestablished. Original conceptual illustration only; no fabricated data, docking geometry or clinical extrapolation.
Follow the evidence
Sources & what they support
- PubChem CID 25240297: source reference graph
Supports: Exact reference graph, stereochemistry, formula and mass
Original structure record · Download source SDF
Original PubChem 2D source structure record.
- Kisspeptin resets the hypothalamic GnRH clock in men.
Supports: 13-man acute LH-pulse experiment
- Kisspeptin-10 is a potent stimulator of LH and increases pulse frequency in men.
Supports: Kisspeptin10 human bolus/infusion physiology
- Exploring the pathophysiology of hypogonadism in men with type 2 diabetes: kisspeptin-10 stimulates serum testosterone and LH secretion in men with type 2 diabetes and mild biochemical hypogonadism.
Supports: Small T2DM endocrine proof-of-concept
← Explore the Molecular Atlas Continue to the research library →
